Structure of a model for scientific research of complex electrical objects

Abstract

One of the main directions of systems research is systems analysis and systems approach. Systems theory, as a subdivision, is one of its main concepts and, along with model theory, control theory, and information theory, belongs to the methodological base in scientific research. It is essential to examine the laws and principles that facilitate effective research into the structural transformation of research organization. In practice, a systems approach involves systems coverage, systems representation, and systems orientation in research. System coverage requires considering the problem from different aspects and perspectives. Systems representation is achieved by building a single model that can replace a real object and provide relevant information about the object being modeled. Using systems analysis, an assessment of the network topology is carried out - the number of substations, line lengths, voltage levels. The formation of systemology is based on a systems approach and is used in the construction of more intelligent control systems. Ensuring the organization of research is of no small importance, which means identifying the problem; internal analysis of the problem; external analysis of the problem; system identification: goals, constraints, trends, factors, properties; model synthesis; model behavior analysis – system operation modeling; system optimization. Planning an optimization experiment, experimental model identification. Analysis of the results of the experiment with the model. Interpretation of the results in relation to the system solving the problem P. Solution implementation. Within the framework of the system approach, the tasks of analysis and synthesis are interconnected, alternating with a given regularity and characterizing two sides of a single cycle in the research process. The described cycle of problem solving applies to both the quantitative and qualitative system approaches. In this case, identification and imitation are implemented at an intuitive, heuristic level. The main disadvantage of the qualitative approach is that counterintuitive behavior that manifests itself in complex socio-economic systems is overlooked and not analyzed. The advantage of the qualitative approach over the quantitative one is a significant saving of time and money for conducting research. The set of methodological tools used to prepare and justify decisions regarding complex, scientific, and technical issues includes system analysis. System analysis is defined as a set of methods for studying complex objects by presenting them in the form of systems and further analyzing such systems. The order of stages of system analysis includes: problem formulation (choosing the object of study, determining the goal and criteria for its study); isolation and structuring (or decomposition) of the system under study, i.e., dividing it into subsystems that are relatively clearly described; creation of a mathematical model of the system. The article presents graphical and analytical stages of making evaluative management decisions based on network modeling. The results obtained proved the feasibility of using a structured system-parametric approach in the study of power supply systems. This is the difference between system analysis and the local approach, which consists of studying the structure and functional features of autonomous, separately taken elements of the system. The inability to comprehensively cover all parties, connections and «mediation» allows, during the system analysis, on the one hand, to strive for maximum completeness of the description, and on the other hand, to carry out a reasonable simplification of the object. This is especially relevant and appropriate in the field of research on processes in power supply systems.